Capítulo 12. Técnicas o heurísticas de creatividad
| Pages | 177-188 |
| Author | José María Mendoza Guerra |
177
Capítulo 12
tÉcnicas o heurÍsticas de
creatividad
Una de las tareas que aco metie ron los prime ros psicó logos que inc ur-
sionaron en la creatividad fue precisamente la de generar técnicas, lo
cual re ejaba el interés que se tenía por las aplicaciones de la imagina-
ción, un aspecto recurrente en el discurso.
Precisamente para ayudar a la imaginación y estimular sus operaciones,
y por tanto, para desarrollar la capacidad creativa, sirven las técnicas de
creatividad (Ponti y Ferrás, 2006). Así que los métodos de creatividad
generalmente utilizados, tales como la tormenta de ideas, pensamiento
lateral, la pausa creativa, asociación libre, analogía, uso del azar, cues-
tionamiento y demás, aunque no son en sí mismos imaginación, suelen
estimular esta función; de hecho, son herramientas para poner la ima-
ginación en movimiento, de allí que su uso sea fundamental para el de-
sarrollo imaginativo de la organización. En general, estas heurísticas se
pueden dividir en dos grandes grupos: espontáneas y de provocación.
HEURÍSTICAS ESPONTÁNEAS DE CREATIVIDAD
Los métodos espontáneos dejan que la imaginación uya de manera
libre, así que buscan fundamentalmente eliminar las barreras que im-
piden que esta función mental trabaje. Las principales técnicas de este
tipo que se han develado son:
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