Capítulo 7. Enemigos y amigos de la innovación
| Pages | 105-114 |
| Author | José María Mendoza Guerra |
105
Capítulo 7
enemigos y amigos
de la innovaciÓn
Desarrollar innovación no es fáci l por el trabajo en sí que se requiere, el
cual implica mucho esfuerzo, por el tiempo, energía, inversión y las con-
diciones de aleatoriedad que implica. De allí que es conveniente exami-
nar factores que inciden en su logro exitoso. Para ello, en principio, hay
que conocer los enemigos, con el ! n de evitarlos o contrarrestarlos.
ENEMIGOS DE LA INNOVACIÓN
Entre los principales enemigos de la innovación se tienen:
La imitación
Este aspecto se ha agudizado en los últimos años debido a la facilidad
y rapidez con que se difunde la información en estos tiempos: el uso
extendido del benchmarking por parte de los competidores, la cerca-
nía que produce internet, las comunicaciones móviles, y en general,
las tecnologías de información y comunicación (TIC), los cuales han
generado un f uerte i somor! smo organ izacional (DiMaggio y Powell,
1983), de tal forma que las empresas tienden a parecerse unas a otras.
El isomor! smo en la teoría neo-institucionalista es una forma de ver la
imitación, donde la empresa tiende a parecerse a las demás con referen-
cia al entorno; se clasi! ca en competitivo e institucional, y este último,
en coercitivo por efecto regulatorio, mimético para enfrentar la incerti-
dumbre, y normativo por efectos de la profesionalización, que es el tra-
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