Cesta venezolana cayó $ 42,99 el barril en 2015
Las giras internacionales realizadas el año pasado por el presidente Nicolás Madu ro y otros personeros de su gobierno no convencieron a la Organización de Países Exportadores de Petróleo ni a los productores independientes, como Rusia, de retomar el sistema de recortes de producción para repuntar los precios del crudo.Esto se evidencia en el re troceso de la cesta petrolera venezolana en 42,99 dólares el barril entre 2014 y 2015, al moverse de 88,42 a 45,43 dólares por barril, respectivamente, según las cifras del Ministerio de Energía y Petróleo hasta la semana que finalizó el 18 de diciembre.Cabe destacar que en esa semana la canasta descendió al nivel más bajo del año al ubicarse en 29,17 dólares el barril.José Toro Hardy, ex director de Petróleos de Venezuela, explicó que ha habido un cambio estructural en los mercados petroleros internacionales que imposibilita la propuesta venezolana de implantar techos de explotación de crudo dentro de la OPEP y otros productores no pertenecientes a la organización.No obstante, el gobierno de Venezuela insiste en sus esfuerzos para que la OPEP se reúna el primer trimestre del presente año con la intención de que los países miembros recorten la producción petrolera y los precios se fortalezcan.El vicepresidente Jorge Arreaza informó el miércoles que el precio del petróleo nacional se debilitó 70% en el transcurso de 2015 al justificar la medida de los aumentos al impuesto sobre la renta y otros tributos.La estrategia de varios pro ductores OPEP, liderada por Arabia Saudita, de proteger su participación en el mercado fue la que se impuso en 2015, señaló Toro Hardy. La producción petrolera saudita alcanza actualmente de 10 millones a 10,5 millones de barriles al día.El experto precisó que acom pañan a Arabia Saudita otros productores pertenecientes a la OPEP como Kuwait y los Emiratos Árabes, además de Rusia, que están más preocupados en defender sus cuotas de mercado, para lo cual au mentan su producción así los precios bajen.El objetivo de esta estrategia es quitarle competitividad al petróleo más caro obtenido de los esquistos, el cual ha permitido a Estados Unidos uno delos principales consumidores de energía del mundo aumentar su explotación doméstica de hidrocarburos.Tal esfuerzo permitirá a la nación estadounidense exportar hidrocarburos luego de que el gobierno federal le levantó la prohibición de muchos años de vender petróleo en los mercados internacionales. Con el cambio de la tecnología de...
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