Instrumentos de evaluación y factores predictivos del bienestar psicológico en docentes de educación básica: una revisión sistemática
| Pages | 1-9 |
| Date | 05 July 2026 |
| Published date | 05 July 2026 |
| Author | Humberto Higidioh Gonzales Pasiguán |
| Subject Matter | Social Sciences |
Instrumentos de evaluación y factores predictivos del
bienestar psicológico en docentes de educación
básica: una revisión sistemática
Assessment instruments and predictive factors of psychological well-being
in primary school teachers: a systematic review
Recibido: 19/09/2025 - Aceptado: 18/12/2025
Humberto Higidioh Gonzales Pasiguán
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7010-7485
hhgonzalesp@ucvvirtual.edu.pe
Universidad César Vallejo. Lima, Perú
Resumen
En el escenario pospandemia, ha cobrado una importancia crucial el bienestar mental de los docentes de
Educación Básica Regular (EBR). A través de una revisión de la literatura reciente, el estudio tuvo como objetivo
examinar las características psicométricas de los instrumentos empleados para evaluar el bienestar psicológico
en profesores, así como los factores predictivos (laborales y personales). Se realizó una revisión en las bases de
datos Scopus, Web of Science y SciELO, correspondiente al período de 2020 a 2025. Tras la revisión, se eligieron
21 trabajos, cuyos hallazgos se categorizaron en dos dimensiones: factores personales (resiliencia, autoeficacia
e inteligencia emocional como predictores positivos significativos frente al abandono profesional) y factores
laborales (burnout, estrés laboral y desequilibrio trabajo-familia, agravado por el teletrabajo), identificados como
los principales predictores negativos. A nivel de instrumentos, se reportan evidencias sólidas de validez y
confiabilidad de la escala BIEPS-A y de las adaptaciones de la escala de Ryff en población latinoamericana. Se
concluye que el bienestar docente es un constructo multidimensional, dependiente de la interacción entre recursos
psicológicos y demandas del entorno, por lo que amerita la implementación de programas de fortalecimiento
socioemocional y el uso de instrumentos validados culturalmente para el monitoreo de la salud mental en el
magisterio.
Palabras clave: bienestar psicológico, evaluación, docentes
Abstract
In the post-pandemic scenario, the m ental well-being of teachers in Regular Basic Education (EBR) has become
crucially important. Through a review of recent literature, the study aimed to examine the psychometric
characteristics of the instruments used to assess psychological well-being in teachers, as well as the predictive
factors (work-related and personal). A review was conducted in the Scopus, Web of Science, and SciELO
databases, covering the period from 2020 to 2025. Following the review, 21 studies were selected, whose findings
were categorized into two dimensions: personal factors (resilience, self-efficacy, and emotional intelligence as
significant positive predictors of professional attrition) and work factors (burnout, work stress, and work-family
imbalance, aggravated by teleworking), identified as the main negative predictors. In terms of instruments, solid
evidence of the validity and reliability of the BIEPS-A scale and adaptations of Ryff's scale in the Latin American
population is reported. It is concluded that teacher well-being is a multidimensional construct, dependent on the
interaction between psychological resources and environmental demands, and therefore warrants the
implementation of social-emotional strengthening programs and the use of culturally validated instruments for
monitoring mental health in the teaching profession.
Keywords: psychological well-being, assessment, teachers
Introducción
La labor docente constituye uno de los pilares fundamentales para el desarrollo social y educativo; sin
embargo, en la actualidad, el ejercicio de esta profesión se desarrolla en escenarios de alta complejidad y
demanda emocional. En los últimos años, marcados por la crisis sanitaria y el retorno a la presencialidad, los
docentes de Educación Básica Regular (EBR) han enfrentado desafíos que impactan en su salud mental y calidad
de vida, según la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura (2021).
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