Prólogo
| Pages | 9-11 |
| Author | María Luisa Tosta |
9
PRÓLOGO
Decía Kant que podemos entender al hombre en dos
sentidos: como parte de la Naturaleza, pero también como ser
libre, es decir, que podemos verlo sometido a la causalidad, al
mundo de la necesidad, lo que llama el mundo del ser, así como
es posible pensar al hombre formando parte del reino del deber
ser, de la Libertad, de las normas (1967: 126,127). Aunque son
cosas opuestas, Kant encuentra que deben pensarse unidas en
el mismo sujeto.
El lósofo habla de dos usos de la Razón, la Razón Pura,
que se ocupa del conocimiento empírico, cientíco, y la Razón
Práctica, que trabaja el ámbito de la conducta libre, de la
moralidad. Los objetos de nuestro conocimiento están sometidos
a leyes de la Naturaleza, cuando son objetos empíricos, o bien
a leyes de la Libertad, cuando son objetos morales. De lo dicho
se desprende que hay dos temas importantes para la Filosofía,
el Conocimiento y la Libertad. Hace muy poco tiempo publiqué
una pequeña obra sobre el Conocimiento y ahora esta otra se
dedica a la Libertad. Ambas son ediciones de bolsillo, con
lenguaje bastante claro, que pretenden hacer accesibles las
grandes preocupaciones de la Filosofía.
La Libertad ha sido uno de los temas que más han combatido
los cientícos desde que surgió la escuela positivista, calicando
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