Regulación laboral para las plataformas digitales en Chile: Descripción de la Ley Nº 21.431

Date01 September 2024
Author
Revista Gaceta Laboral
Vol. 28, No. 2 (2022): 74-94
Universidad del Zulia (LUZ) • ISSN 1315-8597
74
Regulación laboral para las plataformas
digitales en Chile: Descripción de la Ley Nº
21.4311
Julio González Candia
Académico Depto. de Tecnologías de Gestión. Correo electrónico:
julio.gonzalez@usach.cl
Gerardo Hernández Román
Docente Depto. de Tecnologías de Gestión. Correo electrónico:
gerardo.hernandez@usach.cl
María Regina Mardones E.
Académica Depto. de Tecnologías de Gestión. Correo electrónico:
regina.mardones@usach.cl
Olivia Zúñiga Von Der Meden
Docente Depto. de Tecnologías de Gestión Facultad Tecnológica - Universidad
de Santiago de Chile. Correo electrónico: olivia.zuniga@usach.cl
Resumen
En el presente artículo se exponen los principales aspectos de la Ley Nº 21.431
que modica el Código del Trabajo, regulando el contrato de trabajadores de
empresas de plataformas digitales de servicios, adicionando en el mencionado
código el capítulo X denominado “Del Trabajo mediante plataformas digitales
de servicios”. Los principales objetivos del proyecto de ley fueron: crear un
marco regulatorio innovador para proteger adecuadamente a las personas que
hacen un uso laboral de dichas plataformas, las que hasta ese momento se
encontraban al margen de la legislación laboral; reconocer que las personas
que utilizan las plataformas digitales de servicios son trabajadores, ya sea
dependientes o independientes, con los derechos y obligaciones que aquello
implica y; compatibilizar la debida protección de los trabajadores de plata-
1 Artículo basado en el Capítulo de Libro: AVANCES Y DESAFIOS EN LA REGULACION LABORAL
PARA LAS PLATAFORMAS DIGITALES EN CHILE: ANALISIS DE LA LEY Nº 21.431 del Tercer
Libro Digital de Investigación 2022 de la Facultad Tecnológica de la Universidad de Santiago de
Chile.
Recibido: 08-06-2022 Aceptado: 31-07-2022
Revista Gaceta Laboral Volumen 28, No. 2. 2022
75
formas digitales de servicios con la creación de empleo y el desarrollo de nue-
vas tecnologías. El enfoque metodológico utilizado es de carácter cualitativo,
y su diseño de investigación presenta un alcance exploratorio - descriptivo,
no experimental, transeccional, haciendo uso de documentación secundaria y
aplicando un análisis interpretativo. En el artículo, adicionalmente, se revisan
conceptos tales como economía de plataformas, globalización, modernización
reexiva, sociedad del riesgo y precariedad laboral y del trabajo, para así abrir
un debate y poner en contexto la Ley 21.431.
Palabras clave: Contrato laboral; transformaciones del trabajo; economía de
plataformas; precariedad laboral.
Labor regulation for digital platforms in
Chile: Description of Law 21.431
Abstract
This article presents the main aspects of Law No. 21,431 that modies the La-
bor Code, regulating the contract of workers of companies of digital service pla-
tforms, adding in the aforementioned code chapter X called “Of Labor through
digital platforms of services”. The main objectives of the bill were: to create an
innovative regulatory framework to adequately protect the people who make
use of these platforms for work, which until then were outside the labor le-
gislation; Recognize that the people who use the digital service platforms are
workers, whether dependent or independent, with the rights and obligations
that this implies and; make the due protection of workers on digital service pla-
tforms compatible with job creation and the development of new technologies.
The methodological approach used is of a qualitative nature, and its research
design presents an exploratory scope - descriptive, non-experimental, transac-
tional, making use of secondary documentation and applying an interpretative
analysis. In addition, the article reviews concepts such as the platform eco-
nomy, globalization, reexive modernization, risk society, and job insecurity,
in order to open a debate and put Law 21,431 in context.
Keywords: Labor contract; work transformations; platform economy; job in-
security.
Introducción
La promulgación en Chile de la
Ley 21.431 que modica el Código
del Trabajo regulando el contrato
de trabajadores de empresas de
plataformas digitales de servicios,
permite profundizar el debate y las
investigaciones con respecto a los
efectos de estas nuevas modalidades
de trabajo, su impacto en las
organizaciones empresariales y las
consecuencias en las experiencias
de trabajadoras y trabajadores. Es
importante que las investigaciones
al respecto, contribuyan al logro

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