La responsabilidad del Estado por las violaciones de Derechos Humanos en la Carta de las Naciones Unidas
| Author | Luis Fernando Álvarez Londoño |
| Position | Decano Académico de la Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas de la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana (Colombia) |
| Pages | 11-23 |
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La
responsabilida
d
po
r
l
as
vio
l
acio
n
es de
dere
c
hos humanos es
esencia
l
mente del
Es
t
ado
y
obedece
a
l
proceso
histó
r
ico de
su
surgimiento.
Con
el
nac
i
miento
de
l
a
conce
p
c
i
ón
de
l
E
stado moderno
y
de
las
luc
h
as
que
a
l i
nter
io
r de
los
t
err
i
torios
se
l
i
braron
pa
ra
e
ll
o
,
cambió
l
a
concepción de
lo
que significa
e
l
ejercicio del
pode
r público.
En
ese enton
c
es, tomando como
r
efe
r
e
n
te
h
i
s
t
ór
i
co
la
r
evo
l
ució
n
francesa de
1
789
,
h
aciendo un cambio del
concepto de autoridad
y
adoptan
d
o
l
a
idea
de
ind
i
vid
u
o,
come
n
zó
a
comprende
r
se
que
el
ejercicio de
l
a
autorida
d
no
p
od
í
a
i
r
por caminos
d
iferentes de
aquello
s
que
,
j
ustamente,
h
aciendo
u
n
voto
de
confianza
,
h
a
bí
an
de
p
ositado parte
de
sus
bienes
j
u
r
ídicos
e
n
un
fondo
p
ara
el
bienestar
de
t
o
d
os.
De lo
que
se
tratab
a
,
naturalmente,
e
r
a
de trazar líneas
de
f
ronte
r
a
pa
r
a
que por ningún motivo
fue
ra
n
t
r
ansg
r
edidas
o
vu
l
neradas por
la
a
rbi
t
r
ar
i
edad
de
l
sobe
r
ano
.
1
.
In
tr
o
ducci
ón.
1.
In
t
roducción.
2
.
Las obligaciones
a
dqu
i
r
i
das por
l
os
E
st
ados en la
C
a
rta
d
e
la
O
N
U.
3
.
La
distinción
ent
re
l
as categorías de
Der
ec
h
os
H
uma
nos
y
l
as
O
bligac
i
ones
d
e
l
os Estados.
4
.
La
responsab
ili
dad
d
e
lo
s
a
cto
r
e
s
no
esta
tal
es
p
o
r
v
i
o
laci
o
nes a los
De
r
e
chos
Humanos
A
.
L
o
s
elem
e
n
tos
,
ti
po
s
y
causas
d
e la
re
sp
onsabili
dad
i
n
t
ernacion
al por
violación de
D
e
r
ec
ho
s
Hu
m
a
no
s
.
B
.
E
x
t
en
s
ión de
l
a
respo
n
sabilid
a
d
p
o
r
vi
olaci
one
s
d
e
Der
ec
hos
H
umanos
.
C. La
respons
ab
il
i
d
ad
d
e
l
o
s
indi
vi
du
o
s
y
gr
up
os no
es
t
atales.
5
.
Conclusiones
.
Su
m
a
r
i
o
:
D
eca
no
A
c
a
d
é
mi
co
d
e
l
a
Fac
ult
a
d
d
e
C
i
en
c
i
a
s
J
u
rí
d
ic
as
d
e la
P
o
ntific
i
a U
ni
ve
r
s
id
a
d
Jav
e
r
ia
n
a
(Co
l
o
mbi
a)
P
r
ofe
s
o
r de
De
r
ec
ho
Int
e
rn
ac
i
o
n
a
l
Po
nt
ific
i
a
Un
i
v
e
rs
id
ad Ja
v
e
ri
a
n
a
R
.
P.
Lu
i
s
Fernando
Ál
v
arez
Lon
d
o
ñ
osj.
La
responsabilidad
del
Estado
por
las
violaciones
de
Derechos Humanos
en
la
Carta
de
l
as
Naciones
Unidas
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