Síntesis Teórica y Desarrollo de Modelo teórico - operacional para la Gestión de Riesgos Presupuestal en Nosocomios Públicos Latinoamericanos

Pages197-210
Date01 January 2026
Published date01 January 2026
AuthorDiana Elizabeth Calle Arcentales
Subject MatterSocial Sciences
TELOS: Revista de Estudios Interdisciplinarios en Ciencias Sociales
ISSN 1317-0570 / ISSN (e) 2343-5763
Vol.
28
(1)
. Enero-Abril
2026
197
Universidad Privada Dr. Rafael Belloso Chacín, Venezuela
SÍNTESIS TEÓRICA Y DESARROLLO DE MODELO TEÓRICO - OPERACIONAL PARA LA
GESTIÓN DE RIESGOS PRESUPUESTAL EN NOSOCOMIOS PÚBLICOS
LATINOAMERICANOS
Diana Elizabeth Calle Arcentales
https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2923-8260
RECIBIDO: 04/09/2025 / ACEPTADO: 14/12/2025 / PUBLICADO: 15/01/2026
RESUMEN
La gestión del riesgo presupuestario constituye uno de los desafíos estructurales más relevantes para los hospitales públicos
latinoamericanos, debido a la convergencia de inestabilidad macroeconómica, volatilidad política, transición epidemiológica compleja y
restricciones persistentes de recursos. En este contexto, el presente estudio tiene como objetivo desarrollar un marco teórico-
conceptual integrador para la gestión del riesgo presupuestar io hospitalario, específicamente adaptado a las par ticularidades
institucionales y operativas de América Latina. El trabajo se sustenta en una revisión teórico-conceptua l de 60 fuentes académicas y
técnicas, analizadas mediante síntesis narrativa y análisis temático, recopiladas entre julio y agosto de 2025. Del total de documentos,
el 56,7% corresponde a publicaciones del período 20202025 y el 86,7% se vincula directamente con el contexto latinoamericano, con
predominio de estudios proveni entes de Brasil, Perú, Chile y Ecuador. Como resultado, se propone una definici ón op eracional
contextualizada de la gestión del riesgo presupuestario hospitalario y se identifican cinco dimensiones constitutivas inter relacionadas:
planificación presupuestaria anticipativa, contr ol de desviaciones presupuestarias, respuesta a contingencias financieras, priorización
estratégica de recursos y fortalecimiento de capacidades técnicas. Cada dimensión se operacionaliza mediante componentes
específicos, conformando un modelo teórico-operacional integrado con cincuenta indicadores orientados a fortalecer la toma de
decisiones directivas y la sostenibilidad financiera.
Palabras clave: Administración de Hospitales; Gestión de Riesgos Presupuestarios; Asignación Presupuestal; Planificación en Salud;
Hospitales Públicos; América Latina.
Theoretical Synthesis and Development of a Theoretical-Operational Model for Budget Risk Management in Latin
American Public
ABSTRACT
Budget risk management represents one of the most significant structural challenges for public hospitals in Latin America, resulting from
the convergence of macroeconomic instability, political volatility, complex ep idemiological transitions, and persisten t resource
constraints. In this context, this study aims to develop an integrated theoretical-conceptual framework for hospital budget risk
management, specifically adapted to the institutional and operational characteristics of Latin American public health systems. The study
is based on a theoretical- conceptual review of 60 academic and technical sources, analyzed thr ough narrative synthesis and thematic
analysis, collected between July and August 2025. Of the total documents reviewed, 56.7% were published between 2020 and 2025,
while 86.7% are directly related to the Latin American context, with a predominance of studies from Brazil, Peru, Chile, and Ecuador.
As a result, the study proposes a contextualized operational definition of hospital budget risk management and identifies five interrelated
constituent dimensions: anticipatory budget planning, control of budget deviations, response to financial contingencies, strategic
resource prioritization, and strengthening of technical capacities. Each dimension is operationalized through specific components,
resulting in an integrated theoretical-operational model comprising fifty indicators aimed at supporting managerial decision-making and
enhancing financial sustainability.
Keywords: Hospital Administration; Budget Risk Management; Budget Allocation; Health Planning; Public Hospitals; Latin America
Introducción
Los sistemas de salud latinoamericanos enfrentan una paradoja fundamental: mientras las necesidades de atención sanitaria se
incrementan debido a transiciones demográficas y epidemiológicas, los recursos disponibles se mantienen limitados o decrecen debido
a restricciones fiscales y volatilidad económica. En este contexto, los hospitales públicos emergen como instituciones críticas que deben
mantener la continuidad de servicios esenciales bajo condiciones de alta incertidumbre presupuestaria.
La evidencia empírica regional revela un panorama complejo donde convergen múltiples factores de riesgo presupuestario. En
primer lugar, la inestabilidad polít ica y subinversión crónica intensifican estos desafíos estructurales. En Perú, la inestabilidad política
afecta el desarrollo sostenible de las políticas de salud, generando un gasto público en salud inconsistente e inadecuado, que se limita
a un bajo 3% del producto interno bruto (Hönger & Montag, 2024). Consecuentemente, el ciclo presupuestario se ve obstaculizado por
Doctorando en Gestión Pública y Gobernabilidad. Universidad Cesar Vallejo, Pi ura-Perú. dcallea@ucvvirtual.edu.pe
Cómo citar: Calle Arcentales, D. (2026). S íntesis Teórica y Desarr ollo de Modelo teórico - operacional para la Gestión de Riesgos Presupuestal en
Nosocomios Públicos Latinoamericanos. Telos: Revista de Estudios Interdisciplinarios en Ciencias Sociales, 28(1), 197-210.
www.doi.org/10.36390/telos281.19

Get this document and AI-powered insights with a free trial of vLex and Vincent AI

Get Started for Free

Unlock full access with a free 7-day trial

Transform your legal research with vLex

  • Complete access to the largest collection of common law case law on one platform

  • Generate AI case summaries that instantly highlight key legal issues

  • Advanced search capabilities with precise filtering and sorting options

  • Comprehensive legal content with documents across 100+ jurisdictions

  • Trusted by 2 million professionals including top global firms

  • Access AI-Powered Research with Vincent AI: Natural language queries with verified citations

vLex

Unlock full access with a free 7-day trial

Transform your legal research with vLex

  • Complete access to the largest collection of common law case law on one platform

  • Generate AI case summaries that instantly highlight key legal issues

  • Advanced search capabilities with precise filtering and sorting options

  • Comprehensive legal content with documents across 100+ jurisdictions

  • Trusted by 2 million professionals including top global firms

  • Access AI-Powered Research with Vincent AI: Natural language queries with verified citations

vLex

Unlock full access with a free 7-day trial

Transform your legal research with vLex

  • Complete access to the largest collection of common law case law on one platform

  • Generate AI case summaries that instantly highlight key legal issues

  • Advanced search capabilities with precise filtering and sorting options

  • Comprehensive legal content with documents across 100+ jurisdictions

  • Trusted by 2 million professionals including top global firms

  • Access AI-Powered Research with Vincent AI: Natural language queries with verified citations

vLex

Unlock full access with a free 7-day trial

Transform your legal research with vLex

  • Complete access to the largest collection of common law case law on one platform

  • Generate AI case summaries that instantly highlight key legal issues

  • Advanced search capabilities with precise filtering and sorting options

  • Comprehensive legal content with documents across 100+ jurisdictions

  • Trusted by 2 million professionals including top global firms

  • Access AI-Powered Research with Vincent AI: Natural language queries with verified citations

vLex

Unlock full access with a free 7-day trial

Transform your legal research with vLex

  • Complete access to the largest collection of common law case law on one platform

  • Generate AI case summaries that instantly highlight key legal issues

  • Advanced search capabilities with precise filtering and sorting options

  • Comprehensive legal content with documents across 100+ jurisdictions

  • Trusted by 2 million professionals including top global firms

  • Access AI-Powered Research with Vincent AI: Natural language queries with verified citations

vLex

Unlock full access with a free 7-day trial

Transform your legal research with vLex

  • Complete access to the largest collection of common law case law on one platform

  • Generate AI case summaries that instantly highlight key legal issues

  • Advanced search capabilities with precise filtering and sorting options

  • Comprehensive legal content with documents across 100+ jurisdictions

  • Trusted by 2 million professionals including top global firms

  • Access AI-Powered Research with Vincent AI: Natural language queries with verified citations

vLex

VLEX uses login cookies to provide you with a better browsing experience. If you click on 'Accept' or continue browsing this site we consider that you accept our cookie policy. ACCEPT