Los principios interamericanos sobre libertad académica y autonomía universitaria
| Date | 01 January 2022 |
| Author | David Augusto Gómez Gamboa |
DIKAIOSYNE Nº 37
ISSN 1316-7839. Número especial sobre DDHH
En coedición con el Observatorio de Derechos Humanos de la Universidad de Los Andes
Universidad de Los Andes. Mérida – Venezuela. Enero, 2022.
LOS PRINCIPIOS INTERAMERICANOS
SOBRE LIBERTAD ACADÉMICA
Y AUTONOMÍA UNIVERSITARIA
David Augusto Gómez Gamboa1
Resumen
La Comisión Interamericana de Derechos Humanos junto a la Relatorías Es-
peciales de derechos económicos, sociales, culturales y ambientales; y de libertad de
expresión, adoptó los Principios Interamericanos sobre Libertad Académica y Auto-
nomía Universitaria, hecho histórico que amplía su reconocimiento y protección in-
ternacional como derecho humano, en un contexto en el que los académicos sufren
restricciones, represalias y amenazas por la producción del conocimiento científico
crítico o por su participación en el debate plural. Esta reseña esboza brevemente los
16 principios agrupándolos en cuatro ideas fundamentales: 1.La libertad académica
como derecho humano independiente e interdependiente, consustancial a la demo-
cracia y el desarrollo. 2. La libertad académica protege a los miembros de la comu-
nidad universitaria dentro y fuera de la Universidad. 3. La autonomía universitaria
representa el medio para garantizar la libertad académica en una relación de “medio
a fin”. 4. La libertad académica tiene límites conforme al derecho internacional, por
lo cual la universidad debe ser un espacio inclusivo, seguro y libre.
Palabras clave: Libertad académica, autonomía universitaria, Principios in-
teramericanos, Comisión Interamericana de Derechos Humanos (CIDH).
| 259
Revista Dikaiosyne Nº 37
Número especial sobre derechos humanos
En coedición con el Observatorio de Derechos Humanos de la Universidad de Los Andes
Reseña
David Augusto Gómez Gamboa
Los principios interamericanos sobre libertad académica y autonomía universitaria
______________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________
INTER-AMERICAN PRINCIPLES ON ACADEMIC FREEDOM
AND UNIVERSITY AUTONOMY
Abstract
The Inter-American Commission on Human Rights with the Special Rappor-
teurships on Economic, Social, Cultural and Environmental Rights and Freedom of
Expression, adopted the Inter-American Principles on Academic Freedom and Uni-
versity Autonomy, an unprecedented fact that broadens its international recognition
as human right and represents a great step towards its protection in the region, at a
time when academics suffer restrictions, reprisals and threats due to the production
of critical scientific knowledge or their participation in the pluralistic debate. This
review briefly outlines the 16 principles, grouping them into four fundamental ideas:
1.Academic freedom as an independent and interdependent human right, consub-
stantial to democracy and development. 2. Academic freedom protects the members
of the university community inside and outside the University. 3. The principle of
university autonomy is aimed to guarantee academic freedom. 4. Academic freedom
has limits according to international law, therefore the university must be an inclu-
sive, safe and free space.
Key words: Academic freedom, university autonomy, Inter-American Prin-
ciples, Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR).
Introducción
¿Qué pasa en una sociedad donde los académicos no pueden investigar, publi-
car o debatir los hallazgos de sus trabajos científicos o donde las universidades en-
frentan una política de Estado para intervenirlas, arrodillarlas o cerrarlas? ¿Por qué
los regímenes autoritarios buscan callar a los universitarios críticos? Lamentable-
mente las respuestas son obvias.
En tiempo de pandemia se ha evidenciado más que nunca la importancia de la
libertad académica para la sociedad, dada la necesidad de la producción y transfe-
rencia del conocimiento científico para “prevenir”, “mitigar” o “combatir” los pro-
blemas relacionados con la salud pública.
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