Identifying the Mental Model of the Managers of Melli Bank Regarding Quantum Leadership using Q-methodology
| Autor | Ghasem Shariatikia, Malikeh Beheshtifar, Mohammad Montazeri, Hossein Kazemi |
| Cargo | PhD Student, Department of Management, Rafsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University/Associate Professor, Department of Management, Rafsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University/Assistant Professor, Department of Management, Payam Noor University/Assistant Professor, Management and economic Department, Vali-e-Asr University |
| Páginas | 89-120 |
Recibido el 12/05/2020 Aceptado el 09/09/2020
ISSN 0798- 1406 ~ De pó si to le gal pp 198502ZU132
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Vol. 38, Nº Especial (2da parte) 2020, 89-120
IEPDP-Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Políticas - LUZ
Identifying the Mental Model
of the Managers of Melli Bank
Regarding Quantum Leadership using
Q-methodology
DOI: https://doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.382e.07
Ghasem Shariatikia *
Malikeh Beheshtifar **
Mohammad Montazeri ***
Hossein Kazemi ****
Abstract
At Bank Melli Iran, which is the site of research, there are
different opinions and views on quantum leadership, each of
which is representing a specic intellectual model on the subject. These
diverse opinions form a space for discourse. This study will identify this
discursive space in detail and also analyze it in order to reveal organizational
models to present strategies to plan the improvement of Bank Melli’s
policies and plans. The methodology used in this research is Q-sort or
Q-methodology. This methodology was able to reveal several courses in
the speech forum. Studying discursive space, 74 factors were detected. In
analyzing these propositions, nally, 59 factors formalized Q expressions.
These propositions that form the Q order, were written by paras on 59 cards.
A sample of Bank Melli managers was then selected using Q-sort arrange
for these cards on the Q-chart using dened instructions. In interpreting
and the results obtained, three large models were identied including
the ambassadors of change, the pioneers of protection and the drivers of
stability.
Keywords: Melli Bank; leadership typology; intellectual model;; Q
methodology;; quantum leadership.
* PhD Student, Department of Management, Rafsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rafsanjan,
Iran. ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5981-1663. Email: Shariatikia1@gmail.com
** Associate Professor, Department of Management, Rafsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University,
Rafsanjan, Iran. ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2157-288X. Email: M.beheshtifar@yahoo.
com
*** Assistant Professor, Department of Management, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran. ORCID ID:
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8880-4219. Email: Montazer56@yahoo.com
**** Assistant Professor, Management and economic Department, Vali-e-Asr University, Rafsanjan, Iran.
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4898-8946. Email: h.kazemi@vru.ac.ir
90
Ghasem Shariatikia, Malikeh Beheshtifar, Mohammad Montazeri y Hossein Kazemi
Identifying the Mental Model of the Managers of Melli Bank Regarding Quantum Leadership
using Q-methodology
Identicación del modelo mental de los gerentes
de Melli Bank en relación con el liderazgo cuántico
utilizando la metodología Q
Resumen
En Bank Melli Irán, que es el lugar de la investigación, hay diferentes
opiniones y puntos de vista con respecto al liderazgo cuántico, cada uno de
los cuales es representativo de un modelo intelectual especíco con respecto
a este tema. Estas diversas opiniones forman un espacio de discurso. Este
estudio busca identicar en detalle este espacio discursivo y también
analizarlo con el n de revelar los modelos intelectuales de organización
para presentar estrategias para planicar la mejora de las políticas y planes
de Bank Melli. La metodología utilizada en esta investigación es Q-sort
o Q-metodología. Esta metodología pudo revelar varias mentalidades
en el foro del discurso. Estudiando el espacio discursivo, se detectaron
74 factores. Al analizar estas proposiciones, nalmente, 59 factores
formaron expresiones Q. Estas proposiciones que forman el orden Q, se
escribieron por separado en 59 tarjetas. Luego, se seleccionó una muestra
de los gerentes de Bank Melli usando Q-sort para organizar estas tarjetas
en el Q-chart usando instrucciones denidas. Al interpretar y discutir los
resultados obtenidos, se identicaron tres grandes modelos, incluidos los
embajadores del cambio, los pioneros de la protección y los pilotos de la
estabilidad.
Palabras clave: Melli Bank; tipología de liderazgo; modelo intelectual;
metodología Q; liderazgo cuántico.
Introduction
In the changing and complicated world of twenty-rst century,
traditional methods of management and organization management. The
leaders and managers of current era need novel methods and skills so that
they can direct organization in an effective fashion (Mollayinejad, 2016).
Today, managers are aware of this matter that the only xed element of
the equations of the current period is ‘change’. Many of leaders know
that stability in organizations, is an old-fashioned idea, and conventional
management skills do not solve new organizational problems (Dargahi,
2013). Considering that Bank Melli, today, is the largest bank in Middle
East with a capital of about 100 billion Rials, and a total of 3271 branches
at home, 13 active branches and 4 subsidiaries abroad, and 180 working
bank counters, as well as about 40 thousand staff, and which continued to
use all its power for the development of the country with great national and
91
CUESTIONES POLÍTICAS
Vol. 38 Nº Especial (2da parte 2020): 89-120
popular support, many transformations have taken place in the country’s
banking sector in recent years (Gobadi et al., 2019).
Actually, the highly competitive nature of service industry, and also
the importance of cooperation and collaboration, learning and customer
relationship in this industry requires more time and effort for leadership
activities (Douglas and Fredendall, 2004, p. 395; Gupta et al., 2005, p.
391; Montes, Moreno, & Morales, 2005, p. 1163; Politis, 2003, p. 185). The
intensication of Competitions in twenty-rst century, has led to rapid
changes in environment, and the increased complexity of the environmental
interactions of organizations’ business, thus increasing uncertainty in the
environment and proving the need for quantum view in organizational
analysis including banks. Therefore, given the need for shifting strategy
towards quantum organizations, analyzing these kinds of organizations
and their intricate relationships and interactions, calls for a new kind of
leadership strategy so that it can further organization goals, and maintain
the competitive ability of organizations by establishing proper mechanisms
(Tavakoli et al., 2017, p. 35).
In the Bank Melli Iran set-up, established for ninety years, the focus
has been on conventional methods of management and leadership in
a totally traditional way, independent of novel, modern, and dynamic
practical trainings, and also no required mechanism has been predicted
and established to encounter the current competitive and dynamic
situation. It appears that the theory of quantum leadership can provide
required mechanisms to pursue high aims of Bank Melli Iran considering
its dynamism, discovering, creativity, and uncertainty, and also to include
categories of trust, thinking together, organizational learning, and
celebrating differences, in the corporate culture of Bank Melli Iran. Thus,
according to what was said earlier, the aim of current research is to design
the model of quantum leadership in Bank Melli Iran using interpretive-
structural modelling. Considering the aim of the research, research
questions which drive the research are:
1. How is, currently, the mental model of the managers of Bank Melli
Iran?
2. What components is the mental model of the managers of Bank
Melli Iran composed of in terms of quantum leadership?
1. Literature Review
Gaedamini Harouni et al (2018) explore the impact of quantum
leadership on the commitment to change through the quality of perceived
communications of change and through preparing for change. The results
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